Abstract: 
This paper empirically analyzes the impact of childcare costs on the labor force 
participation and childcare utilization of migrant and local mothers of preschool-aged
children in urban China using data from the 2010 National Dynamic Monitoring 
Survey of Floating Populations.

The estimates show that childcare costs have a strong 
negative effect on the labor force participation and childcare utilization of migrant and 
local mothers. Compared to local mothers, the labor force participation of migrant 
mothers is more sensitive to changes in childcare costs, while the opposite pattern is 
observed for the response of childcare utilization. The analysis indicates that the labor 
force participation and childcare choices of migrant mothers are more constrained by 
the lack of access to affordable childcare than are local mothers in China.

https://genderlibrary.org/a/images/papers/April%202018%20pg122.pdf