ЭШ-ний өгүүлэл
Abstract
Care (whether paid or unpaid) is crucial to human well-being and to the pattern of economic development. Some analysts emphasize the significance of care for economic dynamism and growth. Others see care in much larger terms, as part of the fabric of society and integral to
social development. Citizenship rights, the latter argue, have omitted the need to receive and to give care. To overcome the gender bias that is deeply entrenched in systems of social protection and to make citizenship truly inclusive, care must become a dimension of citizenship with
rights that are equal to those that are attached to employment.
Abstract
Policymakers are beginning to appreciate the constraints that unpaid care work imposes on both economic development and the empowerment of women in low-income countries. Empirical research on these topics is in its infancy but is already yielding significant results. This chapter contextualises and reviews recent research on unpaid care work in developing countries, with a focus on projects funded through the multi-donor Growth and Economic Opportunities for Women (GrOW) programme.
Abstract
This report contributes to understanding how care policies are being implemented in the Global South – in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America and the Caribbean –, as well as the elements that have the potential to make them transformative. It also reviews the linkages between different conceptualizations of care, reflected in the framing of care policies and their relation to gender equality policies more broadly, and the different actors that shape the actual existence and implementation of care policies. The report aims at providing policy-makers, development practitioners, women movements and other stakeholders with concrete policy examples that are useful for their specific national or regional context as well as contributing to the attainment of target 5.4 of the SDGs.
Abstract
A strong paid care sector is critical to meeting a society’s care needs as well as advancing gender and economic equity. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of the paid care sector across a large number of countries located in different regions of the world and in differing positions in the global economy. We use harmonized collections of microdata from 47 nations to ask three sets of questions about the paid care workforce around the globe. First, how big is the care sector, and who are the workers in it? Second, we examine the occupational structure of the sector. Finally, we ask to what extent is the size of the care sector a match or mismatch with care needs.
Abstract
This paper describes in detail the methodology used to estimate the size of the unpaid care sector in South Korea, based on an input-based valuation approach. This estimate is then used to conduct analysis using empirical macroeconomic models, in particular through a Social
Accounting Matrix (SAM) model and then a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model developed by the World Bank (Maquette for MDG Simulations). Mainstream economists continue to define economic growth in terms of conventional measures such as market employment and income per capita. Women’s taking on full-time employment outside the home, therefore, has stimulated Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, while the social cost of a shift from informal to the formal economy has been ignored.